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AHSEC Class 12 Alternative English Solved Question Paper 2020
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GROUP – A
1. Give brief answers to any five of the following:
(a) Where did the new vicar come from?
Ans: The new vicar came from East End of London.
(b) At what age did Albert Edward start working?
Ans: Albert Edward started working at the age of twelve.
(c) Who fell on Narayan’s car when it was parked in front of the hospital?
Ans: Two cyclists fell on Narayan’s car when it was parked in front of the hospital.”
(d) In Narayan’s opinion what does he lack?
Ans: He lacks automobile sensibility.
(e) What is the name of the driver of Mriganka Babu?
Ans: Sudheer is the name of the driver of Mriganka Babu.
(f) Who did invite Mriganka Babu to felicitate him?
Ans: A club in Durgapur invited Mriganka Babu to a cultural function in order to felicitate him.
(g) Who are the Magi?
Ans: The Magi are three wise men who travelled from the East to Jerusalem, guided by a star, to see the infant Jesus.
(h) How much money Della did earn selling her hair?
Ans: Della earned twenty dollars selling her hair.
(i) Why did Robert Lynd read Emerson and Marcus Aurelius?
Ans: Robert Lynd read Emerson and Marcus Aurelius to gain wisdom and to become a wise man.
(j) Who is Socrates?
Ans: Socrates was a Greek who lived between 469 and 399 B.C. He popularised the love enquiry that would lead to knowledge justice.
2. Answer any five of the following:
(a) How did Verger treat his old gown?
Ans: Albert Edward Foreman was a dignified person who served the St. Peter’s church for -sixteen years. He had ascended to the respectable office of the verger by dint of his dedicated service. He was very much fond of his gowns. He kept his new gowns; by maintaining its fold as full and stiff as though it were made not of alpaca but of perennial bronze. He pressed and ironed it himself. Even he had never thrown them away after being worn out rather he kept the complete series, neatly wrapped up in brown paper in the bottom drawers of the wardrobe in his bedroom.
(b) Why did Albert Edward decide to set up a tobacco shop after resigning from the church?
Ans: After resigning from his respectable office due to his lack of education. Albert locked the church door behind him. He sank in his sad thoughts and mistakenly took the wrong turning. He walked slowly along the road. He was a non-smoker and a total abstainer, but with a certain opportunity he liked a glass of beer with his dinner and when he was tired he enjoyed a cigarette. While walking on the road he looked for a shop where he could buy a packet of Gold Flakes. He did not at once see one and walked on a little. It was a long street with all sorts of shops in it, but there was not a single one where he could buy cigarettes. He stopped and looked reflectively up and down. He thought that he couldn’t be the only man as walked along that street and wanted a fag. In this way the idea came in his mind and he decided to set up a tobacco shop.
(e) What did make R.K. Narayan fear that he would soon become bankrupt?
Ans: The author R. K. Narayan feared that he would soon become bankrupt because of his imported car. He was bound to visit accredited workshop in Bangalore which was hundred miles away. Every time he visited the workshop and the elite shop, he spent money for the maintenance of the car. Thus, the author thought if he could continue the same then very soon he would become a bankrupt.
(d) Which part of the author’s car could not ordinarily be replaced?
Ans: One day the author R. K. Narayan parked his car in front of a hospital. In the meantime two cyclists collided and fell on his car and smashed the parking light on the left side. So, here it is this parking light that could not ordinarily be replaced in India.
(e) What is an almanac?
Ans: An almanac is an annual publication containing a calendar with information about the time of events, like important anniversaries, religious functions, sunrises and sunsets, phases of the moon, tides, etc.
(f) Why did Mriganka Babu decide never to seek a witch doctor’s help?
Ans: On reaching home When Mriganko Babu found the watch under the wardrobe as mentioned by the scarecrow in human voice in the voice of Abhiram who had been Mriganka Babu’s servent for twenty years about the truth of stolen gold watch which Abhiram didn’t steal. So, he decided that if something ever got stolen from his house, from now on, he would never seek a witch doctor’s help.
(g) What was Jim’s reaction when he returned home?
Ans: When Jim stepped in and stopped inside the door his eyes were fixed upon Della, and there was an expression in them that Della could not read and it terrified her. It was not anger, nor surprise, nor disapproval, nor horror, nor any of the emotions that she had been prepared for. He simply stared at her fixedly with peculiar expression on his face.
(h) What did Della do to get a gift for Jim?
Ans: Della had been saving money to buy a Christmas gift for her beloved husband Jim for a year. She saved one dollar and eighty-seven cents which was not enough for the gift. She was sad and dejected. She wanted to give something fine and rare and sterling, something just a little near to being worthy of the honour of being owned by Jim. So, she went to Madame Sofronie to sell her hair, her prized possession just at twenty dollars.
(i) Who is Marcus Aurelius?
Ans: Marcus Aurelius was a Roman emperor and also a stoic philosopher who was born in 121 A.D. and died in 180 A.D. We find his philosophy in epigrammatic style and unique expression in his book ‘Meditations”.
(j) What would be the reaction of Robert Lynd if an earthquake happen?
Ans: Robert Lynd wanted to gain wisdom and become a wise-man just reading the great works of philosophers. He thought wisdom was to be found somewhere in a book. He read them but not entertain them for a moment for purposes of conduct. So, he said if an earthquake happened while he was reading a book of philosophy, he should forget the book of philosophy and think only of the earthquake and how to avoid tumbling walls and chimneys.
3. Give brief answers to any three of the following:
(a) Describe how did Albert Edward prosper in his business as a tobacconist and newsagent.
Ans: After resigning from his respectable office due to his lack of education. Albert locked the church door behind him. He sank in his sad thoughts and mistakenly took the wrong turning. He walked slowly along the road. He was a non-smoker and a total abstainer, but with a certain opportunity he liked a glass of beer with his dinner and when he was tired he enjoyed a cigarette. While walking on the road he looked for a shop where he could buy a packet of Gold Flakes. He did not at once see one and walked on a little. It was a long street with all sorts of shops in it, but there was not a single one where he could buy cigarettes. He stopped and looked reflectively up and down. He thought that he couldn’t be the only man as walked along that street and wanted a fag. In this way the idea came in his mind and he decided to set up a tobacco shop.
He considered the matter from every point of view and next day he went along the street and by good luck found a little shop to let that looked as though it would exactly suit him and within twenty-four hours he had the shop. He started his business as a tobacconist and news agent. He did so well that in a year or so it struck him that he might take a second shop and put a manager in, he looked for another long street that hadn’t got a tobacconist and started another shop. This was a success. In the course of ten years he had acquired no less than ten shops and he was making money hand over fist.
(b) Why did R. K. Narayan avoid all public engagement and invitations?
Ans: R. K. Narayan gave much importance to privacy and anonymity. According to him both were lost when he allowed himself to be carried about in an imported car in his town. It was like sitting in a howdah on elephant back and hoping not to be noticed. On the other hand, in a compact city like Mysore, movements became known to the whole town. People liked to enquire about one another. But, no harm, normally speaking, in such observation or enquiry Bit Narayan faced complications and embracement since he generally avoid all public engagements and invitations with the excuse that he would be away at Bangalore (100 miles) or Madras (300 miles) or Delhi (1000 miles) depending upon the persistence of the man asking him. Besides, he didn’t want to leave his driver alone with the car. He feared that the driver would try to take advantage to test his car’s special virtue of being able to attain full speed in two minutes that would lead to a disaster.
(c) Describe Mriganka Babu’s reaction after meeting the Scarecrow.
Ans: Mriganka Babu was stuck on the road side on the way home. It was the end of January He saw a scarecrow fixed on a bamboo pole in the middle of the patch of land. Suddenly he felt the scarecrow was advancing towards him. It was walking with limp, but most certainly it had two legs. Instead of an earthen pot, it had a human head and wearing the same shirt and a short, slightly dirty dhoti. When the scarecrow uttered ‘Babu!’ a tremor shot through his body. It had actually spoken with a human voice, and he recognized the voice. It was the voice of Abhiram, the servant, who had been working for his family for twenty years. Abhiram’s village used to be somewhere in this region. Mriganka Babu was terrified, he took a few steps backwards and stood leaning heavily against his car.
Abhiram was now much closer, standing only about ten yards away. Mriganka Babu mustered all his courage and asked if he was Abhiram. Abhiram told about his pathetic story when he was alleged to be a thief by a witch doctor and fired from the job though he was innocent. He suffered from dropsy and died. He had been waiting for a long time as the scarecrow to tell the truth about the stolen gold watch which he didn’t steal. Mriganka Babou would find it under his wardrobe. So, on reaching home, he went straight to his room and searched under his wardrobe and found it. He decided that if something ever got stolen from his house, from now on, he would never seek a witch doctor’s help.
(d) Bring out the relation between Della and the queen of Sheba.
Ans: Della and Queen of Sheba both belong to different ages but they shared a common relation. O’Henry brings out in a picturesque way the beauty of Della’s gorgeous brown hair which was long shiny and lustrous. Queen of Sheba, a famous figure from the Bible was a rich and powerful queen who came to King Solomon with gifts of wealth of spices, gold and jewels to test for her whether King Solomon was truly wise. Della also had a desire to give a gift to Jim, but due to lack of money, she could do it. Finally she sold her long brown shiny hair, which was her only rich possession. She thought it would inspire envy in the queen of Sheba to get a gift for Jim. Queen Sheba had all the riches of the world and she surrendered it to Solomon. Similarly Della’s hair was her treasure and she sold them for Jim’s present.
| S.L. No. | CONTENTS |
| Chapter – 1 | The Verger |
| Chapter – 2 | The Testament Of A Walker |
| Chapter – 3 | The Scarecrow |
| Chapter – 4 | The Gift Of The Magi |
| Chapter – 5 | On Not Being A Philosopher |
| Chapter – 6 | Sita |
| Chapter – 7 | The Brook |
| Chapter – 8 | Ozymandias Of Egypt |
| Chapter – 9 | La Belle Dame Sans Merci |
| Chapter – 10 | Village Song |
(e) Examine Robert Lynd’s quest for instant wisdom.
Ans: Lynd was in the lounge of a hotel, sitting at his table and overheard a piece of conversation where one person asked another if the latter had read Epictetus. He wondered if in the words of Epictetus were the words of wisdom he had been looking for at intervals ever since he was at school. He had a faith that wisdom could be found somewhere in the book of a philosopher. He states that he desires wisdom as eagerly as King Solomon who was one of the richest, most powerful and wisest of the biblical kings. He wants philosophers to perform the laborious quest for wisdom.
He expected the philosopher to provide him with wisdom at the cost of a few shillings. That is why at one time he read Emerson, and at another Marcus Aurelius. Lynd had never read Epictetus before. But he had some of the works of the great stoic philosophers on his bookshelves. Moreover he desired wisdom eagerly and it led him to read Epictetus. Lynd agreed with Epictetus nearly in everything he said. He found close resemblance between their opinions. He realised that indifference to pain, death, poverty is eminently desirable, one should not be troubled anything over which one has no control whether it be the oppression of tyrants or the peril of earthquakes. Epictetus gives codes to follow in one’s daily life and Lynd finds himself agreeing to every point that the philosopher makes.
The problem that arises is that he is able to agree in theory but finds himself completely unequipped when it comes to real life situations. Lynd believes that philosophy is not possible in real life situations, even though it is believed that philosophers, however diverse their philosophies might be right. Finally, Lynd concludes by tying up the end to the beginning when he states that gaining wisdom by merely listening to or reading is one of the most exciting of dreams—the kind of dream in which he read Epictetus, only to realize that his dream remained only a dream.
4. Explain with reference to the context on any two of the following:
(a) “I can’t be the only man as walks along this street and wants a fag,” he said.
Ans: Reference: The above lines occur in William Somerset Maugham’s “The Verger”. The author was one of the most popular British writers of the early twentieth century.
Context: Here the author expresses Albert’s desire to smoke a cigarette which he didn’t get. Like him others too wanted to have cigarettes but they were deprived because there was not a single shop that could sell a packet of Gold Flakes.
Explanation: Albert Edward Foreman after resigning the post of Verger at St. Peter’s church locked the church door behind him. His heart was heavy. That day mistakenly he took the wrong turning and walking along the road for a while. He was not a habitual smoker but when he was tired he enjoyed a cigarette. So, he felt the tendency to smoke and search for a packet of Gold Flakes but didn’t find cigarettes in any of the shop. He thought he couldn’t be the only man as walked along that street and wanted a fag. Like him many who used that road wanted to smoke but they were deprived because there was not a single shop that could sell them cigarettes.
(b)”For some unknown reason, Mriganka Babu continued to feel strangely drawn towards that figure.”
Ans: Reference: The above lines are extracted from the story ‘The Scarecrow’ written by Satyajit Ray who was a novelist, a film critic, a music composer, a graphic designer and an immensely skilled writer of short stories.
Context: Mriganka Babu was stuck by the road in a remote spot on his way home. He was attracted by a scarecrow fixed on a bamboo pole in the middle of a small patch land. It was evening, the sun sank in the horizon. He discovered changes in the appearance of the scarecrow.
Explanation: Mriganka Babu was standing and looking at the scarecrow. It was the western side of the field and the sky turned crimson. Soon the sun sank into the horizon. It was like an attraction that Mriganka Babu drew towards the scarecrow. He looked steadily at it. In a few minutes he noticed changes in the appearance of it. It looked like a real man with arms and legs and moved towards him. Actually, it was the red and black printed shirt the scarecrow was wearing reminded him of someone. He felt sure he had seen someone wear such a shirt, a long time ago. But he failed to remember that person. So it was the curiosity for what he drew towards that figure.
(c) Within forty minutes her head was covered with tiny, close-lying curls that made her look wonderfully like a truant schoolboy.
Ans: Reference: The above lines have been taken from the lesson, a short story ‘The Gift of The Magi’ written by O’ Henry.
Context: It shows Della’s deep love for her husband for whom she sacrificed her beautiful long hair just at twenty dollars to by a Christmas gift. She came home and tried to change her look just curling her hair using curling irons.
Explanation: Della reached home and worried about her appearance. She wanted to look beautiful before her husband without long hair. So, she took the wise decision to curl her hair short hair. She took her curl irons and set in work. It was a mammoth task to repair the ruins. It took forty minutes to cover her head with tiny close-lying curls that made her look pleasing like truant schoolboy. She looked at her reflection in the mirror for a while carefully and critically.
(d) “I desire wisdom as eagerly as Solomon, but it must be wisdom that can be obtained with very little effort – wisdom, as it were, that is caught by infection.”
Ans: Reference: The above lines are extracted from the essay On Not Being a Philosopher’ written by one of the famous essayist Robert Wilson Lynd.
Context: Here, the author expresses his desire to gain wisdom and to be a wise-man in the easiest way just reading books written by philosophers.
Explanation: Robert Lynd had a desire to become a wise-man. He wanted to gain wisdom without any hard labour. He wanted to be as wise as King Solomon who was one of the richest and wisest Biblical King. He wanted to gain wisdom like an infection. Infection doesn’t need any care to spread in the body. It spreads easily without any treatment. Here, the use of literary device such as simile shows the author’s intention to fulfil his desire in the easiest way.
5. Give brief answers to any five of the following:
(a) How many children were listening to the story of Sita?
Ans: Three children namely Abju, Aru and Toru were listening to the story.
(b) Who is the poet of the poem ‘Sita’?
Ans: Toru Dutt is the poet of the poem ‘Sita’.
(c) Whom does the brook want to join at the end of its journey?
Ans: The brook wants to join the brimming river at the end of its journey.
(d) Name the birds that fly above the brook.
Ans: Swallows are the birds fly above the brook.
(e) Which country is referred to as ‘an antique land”?
Ans: Egypt is referred to as ‘an antique land’.
(f) What was the expression on the face of the statue of Ozymandias?
Ans: The expression on the face of the statue of Ozymandias was wrinkled lip and sneer of cold command.
(g) Which season is the poem “La Belle Dame Sans Merci” set in?
Ans: The poem “La Belle Dame Sans Merci’ is set in during the transitional period of late autumn and early winter season.
(h) Where did the poet see a lily?
Ans: The poet metaphorically saw a lily on the forehead of the Knight at arms.
(i) Who will smite the village girl?
Ans: An evil spirit will smite the village girl.
(j) What did the village girl carry to fetch water?
Ans: The village girl carried pitchers to fetch water from the Yamuna River.
6. Answer any four of the following:
(a) Why are the children weeping in Toru Dutt’s poem “Sita”?
Ans: In the poem, all the three children sit together under the protection of their mother and listening to the story of Sita’s second exile. As the mother narrates the melancholies and pathos of Sita in her exile, the three children start weeping, because they too feel the pain and agony of the fair lady who is lamenting for her misfortune as she is exiled by Rama. They are so much absorbed in the tale that they feel their emotions becoming one with Sita’s. So, they shed tears with her.
(b) What does the brook represent?
Ans: The poem brook is the finest example of personification. The poet Alfred Lord Tennyson expresses his observation on the nature in the most significant way. Here in the poem, the brook represents the universal truth that the nature is eternal and human life is transitory. Mainly the brook represents the nature which is always everlasting.
(c) Whose greatness is actually glorified in the poem “Ozymandias of Egypt”?
Ans: In the poem the poet has glorified the art of the sculptor which is still surviving. The proud king Ozymandias had died long ago and his kingdom turned into desert, but the hands of the sculptor that carved those expressions are still surviving as a mark on the broken parts of the statue.
(d) What did the lady do in her cave?
Ans: The poem ‘La Belle Dame Sans Merci’ is heart touching romantic poem composed by John Keats which is about the Knight-at-arms and a beautiful lady without pity. In the cave, the lady showed her deep emotion of love for the Knight. She kissed the knight and lulled him to sleep there to die.
(e) What are the things the village girl is afraid of?
Ans: The village girl is afraid of the approaching darkness. She is frightened of the hooting of the white cranes and takes it as the crying of owl. She is afraid that a serpent would bite her as there is no moonbeam to guide her home. The thought of an evil spirit makes her too scared. She feels they would cast wicked charms on her. She is afraid that there will be a storm and lightening which may strike her and she would die. She feels helpless against all these inherent dangers and prays to God to protect and guide her home safely.
7. Answer any three of the following:
(a) Explain how does the poem ‘Sita’ reflect the poet’s deep love of nature.
Ans: The poem ‘Sita’ is plotted amidst the natural scenery in the hermitage of Saint Valmiki surrounded by dense forest. It is a beautiful place and densely covered with gigantic creepers, flowers and trees. The thick forest prevents the sunlight to enter the place. There is a clear spot in its centre and a lucid lake where white swans are gliding. Peacocks rush about from behind bushes in and around the hermitage to show their happiness. Deer race about innocently.
There in patches yellow grains that can be seen dancing from a distance in the sunlight. Blue smoke rises from the sacred altars near the dwelling of Valmiki, the poet-anchorite. The place is quiet and peaceful, a beautiful lady, Sita is weeping during her second exile remembering her beloved husband Lord. Rama. The natural description by the poet shows her love for nature with all its beauty and grandeur. The spell bound setting of nature evokes the magnificence of natural world in terms of vivid images.
(b) Describe the journey of the brook till it reaches Philip’s farm.
Ans: The poem brook is the finest example of personification. The poet Alfred Lord Tennyson expresses his deep observation and understanding on the nature in the most significant way. The journey of the brook begins in highest hill ranges. It springs from a place which is frequently visited by coot and heron. It emerges suddenly and sparkles out among the vegetation and flow noisily down the valley. It hurries down by many hills and slip between ridges. The brook passes by twenty villages, a little town and flows under the fifty bridges Till last it flows by the Philip’s farm to meet the brimming river.
(c) What else remained there besides the broken statue of Ozymandias? What does it signify?
Ans: The traveller told the narrator that besides two vast trunkless legs and a half sunk broken face of the statue there remained nothing. All around that huge broken statue there spread limitless, lone and level sands. It signifies the power of the time and the fate of the king who once was mighty and mighty. On the pedestal of the statue are inscribed the words: “My name is Ozymandias, king of kings: Look on my works, ye mighty, and despair! However, it is only the ruins of the statue that remain. It signifies ironically to show it is neither the king nor his empire that remains. All that remains are the ruins of a statue that speaks of the artist’s greatness.
(d) Give the description of the lady the knight met.
Ans: The lady was not human, she was a faery’s child. She was an elf-lady, a small sized supernatural being of a mischievous character. In the poem she is known as the cruel enchantress who tricked many kings and prices. She met the knight in the meadow, a grass land. She found roots of sweet taste, honey of wild flowers and manna dew. She sang in her fairy language which could not be understood by the knight. She took the knight in her cave and showed her deep emotion of her love for the knight. She lulled him asleep in the cave and left him alone to die there. She was a very beautiful lady without pity.
(e) Describe the evening scene of the village reflected in the poem “Village Song”.
Ans: The village girl in the poem has filled her pitchers with water from the Yamuna River and returning home. The way to her home is lonely, and she is afraid as darkness is approaching rapidly. She regrets giving into the temptation of waiting to listen to the mesmerizing song of the boatman. The hooting of the crane frightens her and makes her think that it is the hooting of the owl. With no moonlight to guide her, she is afraid that some serpent might sting her. She fears that evil spirits haunting the place would cast wicked charms on her and she would die. She is afraid that there will be a storm and lightening which may strike her and she would die. She feels helpless against all these inherent dangers and prays to God to protect and guide her home safely.
The birds referred to in the poem like white cranes, owls and the black birds symbolize the eerie setting in the evening. On the other hand, hooting of the white cranes symbolize the end of day besides the girl resembles the same with hooting of owl which symbolizes that the night has come. The black birds in the sky’ suggests the inky darkness of the sky. Apart from these, in Indian society owl’s hooting is believed to be ominous. Consequently, the birds mentioned in the poem symbolise the fear and anxiety of the village girl.
8. Explain with reference to the context on any one of the following:
(a) But who is this fair lady? Not in vain
She weeps, ― for lo! at every tear she sheds
Tears from three pairs of young eyes fall main,
And bowed in sorrow are the three young heads.
Ans: Reference: The given lines are extracted from the poem ‘Sita’ composed by Toru Dutt.
Context: Sita is dwelling in the ashram of sage Valmiki. She is a beautiful lady and weeping. The three children realize the pain of Sita and lamenting.
Explanation: The mother of the three children narrating the story of sad Sita who is dwelling in the ashram of sage Valmiki. She is sad and weeping as she has been abandoned in the forest. She is separated from her beloved family. So, separation and isolation cause misery in her. She is lamenting and weeping desperately. The three children listening to the story are absorbed in the pathos of Sita. They too feel it and start crying bowing their heads in sorrow.
(b) I chatter, chatter, as I flow
To join the brimming river,
For men may come and men may go,
But I go on forever.
Ans: Reference: The given lines are extracted from the poem ‘The Brook’ composed by Alfred Lord Tennyson who is the most famous poets of Victorian England.
Context: As the brook flowing to meet the brimming river making noise on its way expresses its perennial state. It shows that humans are transient and nature is eternal.
Explanation: When the brook flows on stony paths, it creates many noises. This suggests as if it were talking to itself. In this way it flows to join the brimming river. The poet expresses that human life transitory, but nature is eternal. There is an end to every form of life, but brook, a representation of nature, is everlasting. So, this idea is expressed in the line which forms the refrain of the poem: “For men may come, and men may go, but I go on forever”.
(c) I met a lady in the meads,
Full beautiful-a faery’s child,
Her hair was long, her foot was light,
And her eyes were wild.
Ans: Reference: The above lines are taken from the poem ‘La Belle Dame Sans Merci composed by John Keats who is one of the most famous romantic poets of England.
Context: Here the Knight-at-arms describes where he met the lady and her beautiful features.
Explanation: The Knight-at-arms describes that he met the lady in the grassland and she was very beautiful. She was not a human being but a fairy’s child. She was a small sized supernatural being, an elf. She had beautiful long hair. Her feet were small and she had strange eyes. The Knight-at-arms was hypnotized by her beautiful features. Her sparkling strange eyes attracted the Knight.
GROUP – B
9. Change any five of the sentences given below as per instruction given, without changing their meaning:
(a) No one can escape destiny. (Change into affirmative)
Ans: All must submit to destiny.
(b) People say that he is a spy. (Change into passive)
Ans: It is said that he is a spy.
(e) I come here for the last time. (Change into negative)
Ans: I have not come here for the first time.
(d) Can I ever forget you? (Change inti assertive)
Ans: I can never forget you.
(e) As soon as he saw me, he began to weep. (Change into negative)
Ans: No sooner had he seen me than he began to weep.
(f) The house was blown down. (Change into active)
Ans: The storm blew the house.
(g) The beauties of Nature are beyond description. (Change into interrogative)
Ans: Aren’t the beauties of Nature within description?
(h) Nobody will deny that I am right. (Change into affirmative)
Ans: Everybody will accept that I am right.
10. Add appropriate questions tags to any five of the following:
(a) Her garden is very beautiful,
Ans: Her garden is very beautiful, isn’t it?
(b) Ridhi has just arrived from school,
Ans: Ridhi has just arrived from school, hasn’t she?
(c) We will go to shilling tomorrow,
Ans: We will go to shilling tomorrow, won’t we?
(d) No man is immortal,
Ans: No man is immortal, are they?
(e) He is stronger than his brother,
Ans: He is stronger than his brother, isn’t he?
(f) She acted according to instructions,
Ans: She acted according to instructions, didn Y she?
(g) I cannot do it without your help,
Ans: I cannot do it without your help, can I?
(h) He tried with all his might,
Ans: He tried with all his might, didn’t he?
11. Fill any five of the following blanks with suitable prepositions:
(a) I credit him ______ good sense.
Ans: I credit him in good sense.
(b) There cannot be any compromise ______ this issue.
Ans: There cannot be any compromise on this issue.
(c) I am anxious ______ the result.
Ans: I am anxious at the result.
(d) Be true ______ your word.
Ans: Be true to your word.
(e) Richa prevented him ______ going.
Ans: Richa prevented him from going
(f) You may rely _______ my word.
Ans: You may rely on my word.
(g) He is senior _____ me in service.
Ans: He is senior to me in service.
(h) We wondered ______ his ignorance.
Ans: We wondered at his ignorance.
12. Rewrite any five of the following sentences using the verbs given in brackets in their correct forms:
(a) Iron ______ (melt) at a high temperature.
Ans: Iron melts at a high temperature.
(b) He _____ (study) in this college for two years.
Ans: He has been studying in this college for two years.
(c) The boys ______ (play) in the garden when the tree fell down.
Ans: The boys were playing in the garden when the tree fell down.
(d) He never wanted to know where she ______ (come) from.
Ans: He never wanted to know where she came from.
(e) We ______ (go) to Kolkata tomorrow to attend a seminar.
Ans: We shall go to Kolkata tomorrow to attend a seminar.
(f) They came back home after the guests _____ (leave).
Ans: They came back home after the guests had left.
(g) Neer cannot go now as he _____ (feel) unwell.
Ans: Neer cannot go now as he is feeling unwell
(h) We ______ (work) on a new project.
Ans: We are working on a new project.
13. Read the passage given below and answer the questions that follow:
Depression arising out of environmental factors is called reactive depression whereas depression arising out of some biochemical changes in the brain is called endogenous depression. If depression is mild or moderate and if the individual is in touch with his surroundings, it is known as neurotic depression. If the individual is severely disturbed and is not able to comprehend what is happening around, such a state is called psychotic depression.
Old age is one of the stages of human development, where a person attains wisdom, maturity, social and economic stability with social recognition and emotional fulfilment.
Generally societies show a great respect and consideration for the aged. In ancient times old people were considered as the guiding stars in Indian families, since they were symbols of tradition, respect, wisdom and experience. In primitive, ancient and medieval cultures, old persons had a recognized social roles. They were of great value because they could impart knowledge and skill to youngsters. The old people were considered as repositories of wisdom and traditions and were not perceived as problems.
At present, social structures and values are undergoing transformation from traditional to modern. There is rapid stride in urbanization and industrialization leading to the breaking up of joint families and property. This has ultimately weakened the traditional families, social position and status of the aged in the family.
(a) What are the different types of depression?
Ans: Different types of depression are as follow:
(i) Reactive Depression.
(ii) Endogenous Depression.
(iii) Neurotic Depression. and
(iv) Psychotic depression.
(b) What is psychotic depression?
Ans: Depression is very common in this modern life style. People unknowingly inclined towards it. Among different types of depression one is psychotic depression. If the individual is severely disturbed and is not able to comprehend what is happening around, such a state is called psychotic depression.
(c) What does a person supposed to attain in old age?
Ans: Old age one of the stages of human development. In this age a person supposed to attain wisdom, maturity, social and economic stability with social recognition and emotional fulfilment.
(d) What was the attitude of the society towards old age in ancient times?
Ans: In ancient times old people were considered as the guiding stars in Indian families, since they were symbols of tradition, wisdom, respect and experience. In primitive and medieval cultures, old persons had a recognized social role. They were of great value because they could impart knowledge and skill to youngsters. They were considered as repositories of wisdom and traditions and were not perceived as problems.
(e) How urbanization and industrialization have influenced the social structures and values in modern times?
Ans: There is a drastic transformation in social structures and values from traditional to the present day. There is rapid stride in urbanization and industrialization leading to the breaking up of joint families and property. This has ultimately weakened the traditional families, social position and status of the aged in the family. The way old people were considered as repositories of wisdom and traditions in the ancient days are vanished in this modern time. They are not valued.
(f) Give the adjective form of ‘wisdom”.
Ans: The adjective form of ‘wisdom’ is ‘wise.
(g) Give the antonym of ‘pessimistic’.
Ans: Antonym of ‘pessimistic’ is ‘optimistic”.
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