Class 12 Alternative English Chapter 7 Because I Could Not Stop For Death

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Class 12 Alternative English Chapter 7 Because I Could Not Stop For Death

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Because I Could Not Stop For Death

POETRY

TEXTUAL QUESTIONS ANSWERS

A. Answer these questions in one or two words.

1. Which country does Emily Dickinson belong to? 

Ans. Emily Dickinson belongs to United States.

2. What is the ‘House’ referred to in the fourth stanza?

Ans. Through the image of ‘House’, the speaker refers to the grave. 

3. What does the word “immortality” mean? 

Ans. The word “immortality” means eternal life or living forever.

4. Where does the carriage stop? 

Ans. The carriage stops at a house that represents the speaker’s grave.

B. Answer these Questions in a few words each. 

1. Describe the scenes witnessed by the speaker as she passes by during her carriage ride with Death.

Ans. The speaker witnessed the scenes of children playing at recess, fields of grain, and the setting sun as she passes by during her carriage ride with Death. The speaker says that they drove “passed the school where the children strove” implying that the author is generously given a few moments to remember her childhood. They then drive past the “Gazing Grain” allowing the author to think back upon the prime of her life. Then they pass the setting sun which symbolizes the author’s ending her life and her journey approaching death.

2. Which words are used to describe Death in the poem? 

Ans. Death is described as hasty, rough, terrifying; civil, polite, gentlemanly; loud, friendly, pleasant as well as Inconspicuous and weak. The description of Death as “kindly” suggests a gentlemanly figure, one who is going about his duty while behaving respectfully to those he picks up. It’s notable, though, that through the poem Death remains as a silent, mysterious and shadowy figure,

3. What is symbolic about the Carriage in the poem? 

Ans. The Carriage in the poem “Because I could not stop for Death” is symbolic of the journey from life to death and the afterlife. It symbolizes the journey from life to death. This journey begins when a personified version of “Death” comes to pick up the speaker, who admits that she was never going to stop for him on her own as he had to come to her.

S.L. No.	CONTENTS
Chapter 1	A Cup of Tea
Chapter 2	The voyage
Chapter 3	The Verger
Chapter 4	The Martyr’s Corner
Chapter 5	Bina Kutir
Chapter 6	Ozymandius Of Egypt
Chapter 7	Because I Could Not Stop For Death
Chapter 8	Strange Meeting
Chapter 9	The Solitude Of Alexander Selkirk
Chapter 10	The Lake Isle Of Innisfree
Chapter 11	Night Of The Scorpion

4. Why does Dickinson describe death as being kind and civil in the poem?

Ans. Dickinson describes death as being kind and civil to convey a sense of acceptance and inevitability. Death is described as a kind of a gentleman by using the words “kindly” and “civil” through the literary device of personification. In fact, death has been personified as a close friend, or perhaps even a gentleman suitor. She reveals that she welcomes death when she says, “He kindly stopped for me”.

5. What is the role of immortality’ in the poem? 

Ans. The role of “immortality” in the poem represents the eternal nature of the spirit and the continuation of existence beyond death. Immortality has been discussed as a parallel concept with death in the poem.

C. Answer These Questions Briefly in your own Words. 

1. What is the significance of the ‘Setting Sun’ in the poem?

Ans. The ‘Setting Sun’ in the poem symbolizes the end of life and the arrival of death. It represents the moment when the speaker becomes aware of her own mortality and the transition from the physical world to the afterlife. The speaker is nearing the end of her journey. What will follow, of course, is nighttime or death.

2. How does Dickinson indicate the impression of the grave?

Ans. Dickinson indicates the impression of the grave by using the symbol of House that the carriage stops before. The House is described as a swelling of the ground, with a roof that is scarcely visible and a cornice that seems to be in the ground. This imagery suggests the burial site or the speaker’s final resting place, creating the impression of the grave. Through the metaphor of the house, Dickinson wants to enforce the idea that the speaker accepts and is comfortable with dying. It represents the moment of arrival at the end of the journey, where the speaker realizes the true nature of the house as a burial site.

3. What is the main idea of the poem ‘Because I Could Not Stop for Death’?

Ans. The main idea of the poem ‘Because I Could Not Stop for Death’ is the portrayal of death as an inevitable and natural part of life. Through the poem, the poet depicts the inevitability of death and the poet’s calm acceptance of it. The poem explores the journey of the speaker with Death as they pass through different stages of life, from childhood to adulthood, and finally to the realization of mortality. It presents death not as something to be feared or voided but as a companion that guides us towards eternity. The vanity and impermanence of earthly glory and power is reflected through the inevitability of death as death knows no distinction, and carries off all alike- high and low, rich and poor, strong and weak- reducing them all to dust. The poem also delves into the concept of immortality and the eternal nature the human spirit.

D. Answer these questions in detail.

1. Comment on the significance of the title of the poem “Because I Could Not Stop for Death”.

Ans. “Because I could not stop for Death” is actually not the title of this poem. Dickinson didn’t title any of her poems, because she never meant to publish them. In collections, sometimes this poem is given a number, either 479 or (712). These numbers were assigned to the poems after Dickinson’s death and indicate the order in which Thomas Johnson (1955 edition) and R.W. Franklin (1998 edition) think they were written. Nowadays, the Franklin number, which is not in parenthesis and appears first, is usually the more trusted. However, the first line of the poem is often taken as the title of it. To this end, “Because I Could Not Stop for Death” seems appropriate for the poem as it helps in bringing forth the central theme of the poem to its readers. The poem portrays the personification of Death, who visits the poem’s speaker and takes her on a carriage ride to the afterlife. Over the course of the poem, the speaker contemplates scenes of natural cycles of life and death that she observes during the carriage ride with Death.

2. How is ‘Death’ personified in the poem ‘Because I Could Not Stop for Death’?

Ans. The poem personifies Death as a gentleman caller who takes a leisurely carriage ride with the poet to her grave. In fact, death has been given human attributes and roles such as the speaker’s suitor, encouraging her to get into the carriage and ride with him into the unknown. He is both “kind” and civil. Throughout the poem, Death is portrayed as a polite and considerate figure who “kindly stopped” for the speaker. This unlikely presentation of death as gentle in contrast to its terrifying image creates complexity to the central idea of the poem. Death, in this poem is depicted as a calm and courteous presence, emphasizing the idea that death is an inevitable part of life. By personifying Death, Emily Dickinson allows the reader to engage with the concept of mortality and to consider the acceptance of death as a natural transition rather than something to be feared. 

This personification also contributes to the overall tone of the poem, which is reflective and contemplative, inviting the reader to ponder the deeper meanings of life and death. Thus, the poem is an exploration of both the inevitability of death and the uncertainties that surround what happens when people actually die. Personification is used as the most important literary element of death. Emily Dickinson is giving human death human traits. She personified death because death doesn’t stop to wait, and you don’t know when death comes. The way she describes death in lines 1 and 2 “Because I could not stop for death/ He kindly waited for me.” These two lines make you think of a gentleman pulling in a carriage. Death acts like a person, like how people are inevitably is waiting for death. The other example is shown in line. 5 “We slowly drove- He knew no haste.” Death is like a gentleman that slowly gets to know a lady before he sweeps her off of her feet and takes her home with him. In this case her home would be Eternity. “For his civility.” She compares death to its manners. Death is polite and courteous.

Additional Questions

1. Why is death called a civil suitor?

Ans. Death is called a civil suitor because it is a gentle driver. It drives slowly and gracefully. It knows no haste and never snatches life abruptly.

2. What does the poet do in return to his civility? 

Ans. In return to his civility the poet puts away not only moments of work (labour) but also her spare time (leisure) to go with him.

3. Describe the scenes witnessed by the poet as the carriage progressed through its last ride.

Ans. As the carriage progresses through its journey, the poet witnesses certain scenes for the last time:

(a) children playing games during a school recess.

(b) fields of ripe grain. and

(c) the sun setting.

4. How does the poet give the theme of death an erotic touch?

Ans. The poet draws our attention to the brightness of her superfine gossamer gown. Her scarf (tippet) is made of delicate muslin called tulle. The dress is not a conventional burial dress.

It is instead a bridal dress. She fancies that she is dressed for a heavenly wedding. Thus, the theme of death is given an erotic touch.

5. Where does the carriage stop?

Ans. The carriage stops before a house that looks like a grave as suggested by the swelling of the ground. 

6. Where does the poet think of her new house as her grave?

Ans. The carriage pauses at a house. The roof of the house is hardly visible. It has only a head of earth for its cornice. It is undoubtedly her grave.

7. Who is the speaker in the poem?

Ans. It is always interesting to consider who the speaker or narrator of a piece of poetry is. Often, it’s easy to suggest that the poet is the speaker. Sometimes this is the case, but not always. In ‘Because I could not stop for Death,’ readers are informed that the speaker is a woman but beyond that, there is little information. Perhaps Dickinson was imagining herself on the way to her death or perhaps she was thinking more generally of any woman who moves peacefully into the next life. Her vision of death is idealized. There is no fear present in this poem, it’s likely that this is what Dickinson hoped death would be like. 

9. What is the central theme of the poem?

Ans. The central theme of the poem is the inevitability of death and the poet’s calm acceptance of it. Moreover, Dickinson projects her belief in the Christian afterlife and eternity in this poem. She doesn’t fear death. Her heart is pleased to have such a gentlemanly and civilized person such as death as her charioteer in the journey towards eternity.

9. How does the speaker’s perspective on time change throughout the poem?

Ans. At the beginning of the poem, the speaker perceives time as passing slowly, with the journey feeling like centuries. However, by the end of the poem, the speaker realizes that the centuries have passed quickly, highlighting the fleeting nature of life compared to eternity. The poem also comments on the nature of life. During the speaker’s journey with the personified “Death,” the points that they pass along the way seem charged with significance. The poem mimics the way that life itself is a journey from birth to death, from the arrival of new life to its absence. Thus, subtly,, the poem suggests an interdependence between life and death. Both seem like necessary parts of the world as presented in the poem, even if their relationship is by its nature perplexing and intriguing. Dickinson manages to put into images the complexity of these thoughts, and intentionally leaves such questions unresolved for the reader to consider.

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