SEBA Class 9 Elective Geography Additional Chapter 7 Agriculture

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SEBA Class 9 Elective Geography Additional Chapter 7 Agriculture

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Agriculture

ADDITIONAL QUESTION ANSWER

1. What is agriculture?

Ans: Agriculture is the practice of cultivating plants for human use. Which is one of the oldest economic activities in the world.

2. What are the two types of agriculture based on permanence?

Ans: (a) Permanent agriculture. 

(b) Shifting cultivation.

3. What is shifting cultivation called in Northeast India?

Ans: It is called Jhum cultivation.

4. What natural factors influence agriculture?

Ans: Land, surface slope, climate, and water.

5. Why is agriculture in Assam different from Rajasthan?

Ans: Assam is located in the Northern regions of India. In Northern regions the weather is cold and rainy. So, in rainy and cold regions like Assam rice,coffee etc. is quite well grown. And Due to differences in natural and socio-economic factors like climate and terrain.

6. Name three countries practicing large-scale agriculture.

Ans: USA, Canada, and Australia.

7. What is the key feature of large-scale agriculture?

Ans: Agriculture is the art and science of cultivating the soil, growing crops, and raising livestock.It involves the use of modern machinery and covers vast areas with a focus on international markets.

8. What is commercial agriculture?

Ans: Commercial agriculture can be defined as farming that focuses on producing agricultural products for sale in the market rather than solely for subsistence purposes. Primarily cultivating crops like wheat, maize, and cotton using modern technology.

9. What is shifting agriculture?

Ans: Shifting agriculture, also known as slash-and-burn agriculture, involves clearing a forested area. It is an ancient method of farming that involves clearing a patch of land, cultivating it for a few years, and then moving on to a new plot once the soil becomes less fertile. 

10. What is intensive subsistence farming?

Ans: Subsistence agriculture is the type of farming in which crops grown are consumed by the grower and his family. Agriculture practiced in densely populated regions, characterized by the use of small landholdings and intensive manual labor to produce food primarily for the farmer’s family.

11. Why is crop rotation in agriculture?

Ans: Crop rotation improves water use efficiency by increasing the amount of organic matter in the soil, which can improve soil structure and water-holding capacity.

12. What are Kharif crops?

Ans: Kharif crops are sown during the monsoon season (June–July) and harvested in autumn (September–October). 

13. What is organic farming?

Ans: Organic farming involves growing crops without synthetic pesticides, fertilizers, or genetically modified organisms. These benefits are counterbalanced by higher food costs for consumers and generally lower yields. 

14. What factors influence the distribution of crops in India?

Ans: The distribution of crops in India is influenced by climate, soil type, availability of water, topography, and technological advancements.Crops need space to grow, sufficient light, warmth, and moisture. Soils must be of sufficient depth with sufficient drainage, texture, and chemical and fertility properties.

15. What is the Green Revolution in Indian agriculture?

Ans: The Green Revolution was a period that began in the 1960s during which agriculture in India was converted into a modern industrial system. Significantly increasing food grain production in India, particularly wheat and rice, during the 1960s and 1970s.

16. What are the main challenges faced by Indian farmers?

Ans: Indian agriculture faces challenges including erratic rainfall, inadequate irrigation, soil degradation, limited access to technology, inadequate irrigation, and dependence on monsoons.