SEBA Class 10 Social Political Science Chapter 1 Indian Democracy

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SEBA Class 10 Social Political Science Chapter 1 Indian Democracy

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Indian Democracy

POLITICAL AND ECONOMICS

Very short answer questions:

1. Which political party won the elections held in 1945 in England?

Ans: The Labour Party.

2. When did the “Cabinet Mission” come to India? March 3 Who was the first Chairman of the Constituent Assembly?

Ans: March 1946.

3. Who was the first Chairman of Constituent Assembly?

Ans: Dr Sacchindananda Sinha was the first Chairman of Constituent Assembly.

4. Who was the President of the Drafting Committee of Indian Constitution?

Ans: The Chairman was Dr B. R. Ambedkar. (There was no President of the Drafting Committee of Indian Constitution)

5. In which constitutional amendment, were the words “Socialist” and “Secular” incorporated in the “Preamble”?

Ans: In the 42nd constitutional amendment.

6. From which Latin word has the English word “Federation” been derived?

Ans: From ‘Foedus’ the English word “Federation” has been derived.

7. Which country is regarded as the “Homeland” of federation?

Ans: United States of America (USA) is is regarded as the “Homeland” of federation.

8. Is there Dual citizenship system in India?

Ans: No. There is a single  citizenship system in India.

9. From which country’s constitution has the concept of India’s Parliamentary democracy been followed?

Ans: From the constitution of England.

Short Answer Questions

1. Why did the British government send the Cabinet Mission to India?

Ans: The British government sent the Cabinet Mission to India with the following objectives:

(i) To create a favorable environment for discussions between Indian leaders.

(ii) To make necessary arrangements for the framing of a new constitution for India.

2. According to which Act, India’s administration was governed between 15 August, 1947 to 26 January, 1950 and who enacted this Act?

Ans: Between 15 August 1947 and 26 January 1950, India’s administration was governed under the provisions of the Government of India Act, 1935.

This Act was enacted by the British Parliament.

3. Why are the words “We the people of India” have been incorporated in the preamble?

Ans: The words “We the people of India” have been included in the Preamble to highlight that the ultimate power and authority of the Indian Constitution rest with the people of India. It signifies that the Constitution has been framed by the people themselves, and they are the true source of its legitimacy and strength.

4. What is meant by the term “Sovereign”?

Ans. The term sovereign signifies that the people hold the ultimate and absolute authority to take decisions regarding both internal and external affairs of the country, without interference from any external power.

5. According to which constitutional amendment were the words “Socialist” and “Secular” added to the Preamble, and in which year?

Ans. The words “Socialist” and “Secular” were added to the Preamble through the 42nd Constitutional Amendment, which came into effect on 18th December 1976.

6. What is meant by a “Quasi-federal state”?

Ans: A quasi-federal state is a system of governance that blends features of both federal and unitary forms of government. It appears federal in structure but leans towards a strong central authority, as seen in India.

7. Which Indian Act introduced limited Parliamentary democracy during the pre-independence period?

Ans: The Government of India Act, 1935 introduced limited Parliamentary democracy in India during the pre-independence era.

Long Answer Questions

1. Discuss how the ideals of the Indian Constitution have been manifested in its Preamble.

Ans: The ideals of the Indian Constitution are outlined in its Preamble, which serves as the soul and guiding spirit of the Constitution. It begins with “We the people of India,” emphasizing that the ultimate authority lies with the people. The Preamble reflects the Constitution’s core ideals, philosophy, and objectives, and incorporates the essence of India’s rich cultural and civilizational heritage.

The very beginning words of the Preamble “We the people of India” reflect the ideal that the actual authority of the Constitution are the citizens of India themselves, and they are the primary force behind framing of the Constitution.

The Preamble also says that India will be a sovereign, socialist, secular, democratic and republic nation. Each of these words also reflect the ideals of the Constitution. Further the Preamble mentions that justice, liberty, equality and fraternity will be established in India. These words too further emphasise the ideals and objectives of the Constitution.

Thus the ideals of the Indian Constitution have been manifested in each and every word of the Preamble.

2. Write in detail about what is meant by sovereign, socialist, secular, Democratic and Republic.

Ans: The meaning of the following terms is described as:

(i) Sovereign: India is a Sovereign state. Sovereignty is the supreme and absolute power of the state. In other words externally India is not subordinate to any foreign power nor is India directed by any other force internally.

(ii) Socialist: The term “Socialist” was added to the Preamble by the 42nd Amendment in 1976. It means reducing inequality in income, status, and living standards. Key industries are to be nationalised, and the economy will follow a mixed model, ensuring equal income distribution. The economy will be people-driven, not controlled by capitalists.

(iii) Secular: India is a secular state, meaning it has no official religion and treats all religions equally. The government does not favor or discriminate against any religion. The word “secular” was added to the Preamble by the 42nd Constitutional Amendment.

(iv) Democratic: India is a democratic state. The administration of the country shall be governed by the elected representatives of the people. The people shall administer the country for themselves and the administration shall be responsible to the people.

(v) Republic: India is a republic. The Head of the state (the President) shall be elected by the people. The post of the Head of the state shall not be hereditary nor a person selected by someone.

3. Discuss the objective resolutions put forward by Pandit Nehru in relation to the Indian constitution.

Ans: On 13 December 1946, Pandit Nehru presented the Objectives Resolution in the Constituent Assembly, which was adopted on 22 January 1947. This resolution laid the foundation for the Indian Constitution, formally recognizing key ideals such as equality, liberty, democracy, sovereignty, and world fraternity.

The main points of the objective resolutions put forward by Pandit Nehru are as follows:

(i) The Constituent Assembly is determined to declare India as an Independent Sovereign Republic. (Later on the word “Independent” was removed.)

(ii) A union of states shall be constituted with the British-ruled Indian territory and the erstwhile princely kingdoms willing to join the Indian territory.

(iii) Social, economic and political justice, equality, religious liberty, freedom of expressing thought and opinion of the Indian people will be duly recognised.

(iv) There shall be measures to safeguard the interests of the Schedule Caste, Schedule Tribe, backward classes and the Minority people of India.

(v) Importance shall be given to safeguard the freedom, sovereignty and integrity of the country.

(vi) India shall extend full cooperation for the sake of cordial international relations, world peace and welfare of the people.

(vii) The people of India shall be the source of all powers. The government of the sovereign state and its constituent parts shall obtain their power from the people.

(viii) The indigenous princely states desiring to join the Indian union shall enjoy the status of its constituent province through self-governance with the residuary powers.

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SEBA Class 10 Social Science Solutions [New Edition Updated]

S.L No.	CONTENTS
	PART – I: HISTORY
Chapter 1	Partition Of Bengal And Swadeshi Movement
Chapter 2	Rise Of Gandhi And The Freedom Movement Of India
Chapter 3	Anti-British Rising And Peasant Revolts In Assam
Chapter 4	Indian British Rising and Peasant Revolts in Assam
Chapter 5	Cultural Heritage Of India And North East Region
	PART – II: GEOGRAPHY
Chapter 6	Ecological Geography: Subject Matter and Resource
Chapter 7	Environment And Environmental Problems
Chapter 8	Geography Of The World
Chapter 9	Geography Of Assam
	PART – III: POLITICAL SCIENCE
Chapter 10	Indian Democracy
Chapter 11	International Organization
	PART – III: ECONOMICS
Chapter 12	Money And Banking
Chapter 13	Economic Development

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