SEBA Class 10 Social Political Science Chapter 1 Indian Democracy

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SEBA Class 10 Social Political Science Chapter 1 Indian Democracy

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Indian Democracy

PART – III: [POLITICAL SCIENCE]

TEXTUAL QUESTIONS ANSWERS

VERY SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS

1. Which political party won the elections held in 1945 in England? 

Ans: The Labour Party. 

2. When did the “Cabinet Mission” come to India?

Ans: March 1946.

3. Who was the first chairman of the Constituent Assembly? 

Ans: Dr Sacchindananda Sinha.

4. Who was the President of the Drafting Committee of Indian Constitution? 

Ans: The Chairman was Dr B. R. Ambedkar. (There was no President of the Drafting Committee of Indian Constitution). 

5. In which constitutional amendment, the words “Socialist” and “Secular” were incorporated in the “Preamble”? 

Ans: In the 42nd constitutional amendment.

6. From which Latin word has been the English word “Federation” derived? 

Ans: “Foedus”. 

7. Which country is regarded as the “Homeland” of federation? 

Ans: United States of America (USA). 

8. Is there Dual citizenship system in India?

Ans: No. 

9. From which country’s constitution has been the concept of India’s Parliamentary democracy followed?

Ans: From the constitution of England. 

S.L No.	CONTENTS
	PART – I: HISTORY
Chapter 1	Partition Of Bengal And Swadeshi Movement
Chapter 2	Rise Of Gandhi And The Freedom Movement Of India
Chapter 3	Anti-British Rising And Peasant Revolts In Assam
Chapter 4	Indian Freedom Movement And National Awakening In Assam
Chapter 5	Cultural Heritage Of India And North East Region
	PART – II: GEOGRAPHY
Chapter 6	Economic Geography: Subject Matter And Resource
Chapter 7	Environment And Environmental Problems
Chapter 8	Geography Of The World
Chapter 9	Geography Of Assam
	PART – III: POLITICAL SCIENCE
Chapter 10	Indian Democracy
Chapter 11	International Organization
	PART – III: ECONOMICS
Chapter 12	Money And Banking
Chapter 13	Economic Development

SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS

1. Why did the British government send the Cabinet Mission to India? 

Ans: The British government sent the Cabinet Mission to India to:

(i) form a congenial environment. 

(ii) make necessary arrangements for framing a new constitution for India. 

2. According to which Act, India’s administration was governed between 15 August, 1947 to 26 January, 1950 and who enacted this Act? 

Ans: India’s administration was governed according to the provisions of the Govt. of India Act, 1935 between 15 August 1947 to 26 January 1950. 

The Govt. of India Act was enacted by the Parliament of England.

3. Why have the words “We the people of India” been incorporated in the Preamble? 

Ans: The words “We the people of India” have been incorporated in the Preamble to emphasize the fact that the actual authority of the Indian Constitution is in the hands of the Indian people and belongs solely to them, and they are the major force behind the making of the Indian Constitution.

4. What is meant by the term Sovereign? 

An s: The term ‘sovereign’ means that the people have supreme and absolute right to make decisions in internal as well as external matters.

5. According to which constitutional amendment the two words “Socialist” and “Secular” have been incorporated, in the Preamble and in which year? 

Ans: According to the 42nd constitutional amendment, the two words “Socialist” and “Secular” have been incorporated in the Preamble. This amendment was made on 18th December 1976. 

6. What is meant by “Quasi-federal state”? 

Ans: A state with the system of governance in which features of both the federal and unitary form of government are incorporated is known as “Quasi-federal state”.

7. Which Indian Act had introduced limited Parliamentary democracy in pre- independence period?

Ans: The Govt. of India Act, 1935 had introduced limited Parliamentary democracy in pre-independence period.

LONG ANSWER QUESTIONS 

1. Discuss how the ideals of the Indian Constitution have been manifested in its Preamble.

Ans: Preamble is the preface to the Constitution of India that highlights the aims, objectives, principles, ideas and philosophy introduced or sought to acquire by means of law. It is also regarded as the soul, conscience, threshold and key of the Indian Constitution. It reflects the inner spirit of the Constitution. Each word in the Preamble bears ideals, philosophy and objectives of the Constitution.

The very beginning words of the Preamble “We the people of India” reflect the ideal that the actual authority of the Constitution are the citizens of India themselves, and they are the primary force behind framing of the Constitution. 

The Preamble also says that India will be a sovereign, socialist, secular, democratic and republic nation. Each of these words also reflect the ideals of the Constitution. 

Further the Preamble mentions that justice, liberty, equality and fraternity will be established in India. These words too further emphasize the ideals and objectives of the Constitution. 

Thus the ideals of the Indian Constitution have been manifested in each and every word of the Preamble.

2. Write in detail about what is meant by sovereign, socialist, secular, democratic and republic.

Ans: The meaning of the following terms is described as: 

(i) Sovereign: India is a sovereign state. She is free from any external power or rule. All the decisions pertaining to internal as well as external matters of the state can be independently taken by her people. 

(ii) Socialist: India is a socialist state. The term was included in the Preamble by the 42nd Constitutional Amendment Act of 1976. It tells that wealth and resources should be equally shared among the countrymen. The government should enact laws to avoid getting resources concentrated in the hands of a few people. There should not be inequality among the people in accordance to their income, status and standard of living.

(iii) Secular: India is a secular state. The term was included in the Preamble by the 42nd Constitutional Amendment Act of 1976. It states that India has no state religion. All citizens have the right to accept, practice and spread any religion of their choice. 

(iv) Democratic: India is a democratic state. As a democratic state, India is governed by the people’s elected representatives. As a democratic country, every citizen has the right to vote and can take part in the election process. 

(v) Republic: India is a republic. When the head of the state is elected and the post is not hereditary, it is known as a Republic. The elected representatives elect the President of India for a period of five years.

3. Discuss the objective resolutions put forward by Pandit Nehru in relation to the Indian Constitution. 

Ans: The objective resolutions put forward by Pandit Nehru in relation to the Indian Constitution are:

(i) The Constituent Assembly would declare India as an Independent Sovereign Republic (The term ‘Independent was removed subsequently). 

(ii) To constitute a union of states with the British-ruled Indian territory and the erstwhile princely kingdoms ready to join the Indian territory. 

(iii) To duly recognise social, economic and political justice, equality, religious liberty, freedom of expressing thought and opinion of the Indian people.

(iv) To frame measures for protecting the interests of the scheduled castes, scheduled tribes, backward classes and the minority people of India. 

(v) To emphasize on safeguarding the freedom, sovereignty and integrity of India.

(vi) To extend full cooperation towards international relations, world peace and welfare of the people. 

(vii) To ensure that the source of all powers would be the people of India.

(viii) To ensure the status of the constituent provinces through self governance with residuary powers for the indigenous princely states willing to join the Indian union. 

4. Discuss the characteristics of the Indian federal system. 

Ans: The characteristics of the Indian federal system are:

(i) The Indian federal system is a “Quasi federal” system. It consists of features of both the federal and unitary forms of government.

(ii) There is only one constitution for the whole Indian federation and no separate constitution for each constituent state of India. 

(iii) The constituent states of the Indian union have no right to secede from the union. 

(iv) Central government is more powerful than the state governments as all the important powers have been vested in the Central government by the constitution. 

(v) The governor of a state acts as a representative of the central government. His appointment also does not corroborate the federal character of India. 

(vi) Single citizenship has been granted in India to ensure sovereignty and integrity of the country.

(vii) Indian federation is referred to as the “cooperative federation’ as the Indian federal system is dependent on the center-state relationship. 

5. Discuss the important characteristics of the Parliamentary form of government in India. 

Ans: The Indian parliamentary form of government has been created by the Constitution of India taking into consideration the Indian situation and presenting India as a distinguished Parliamentary democratic country in the world. 

The characteristics of the Parliamentary form of government in India are:

(i) The Parliament of India is formed with two houses, viz. the House of People (Lok Sabha) and the Council of States (Rajya Sabha).

(ii) The President of India is an important constituent of the Indian Parliament. 

(iii) The Indian Parliament forms a government created by people and is responsible to the people.

(iv) The head of state is an elected representative of the people.

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