SEBA Class 9 Social Science Chapter 13 Basic Economic Problems

SEBA Class 9 Social Science Chapter 13 Basic Economic Problems Solutions English Medium As Per New Edition Syllabus to each chapter is provided in the list so that you can easily browse through different chapters. SEBA Class 9 Social Science Chapter 13 Basic Economic Problems Question Answer in English and select need one. SEBA Class 9 Social Science Textual Solutions Download PDF.

SEBA Class 9 Social Science Chapter 13 Basic Economic Problems

SEBA Class 9 Social Science Chapter 13 Basic Economic Problems Also, you can read the (SCERT) in these sections Solutions by Expert Teachers as per Board of Secondary Education, Assam (SEBA) Guidelines. SEBA Class 9 Social Science Chapter 13 Basic Economic Problems. Here we have given SEBA Textual Solutions For Class 9 Social Science English Medium.

Basic Economic Problems

POLITICAL SCIENCE AND ECONOMICS

EXERCISE

Give very short answer:

1. Define – 

(a) Poverty.

Ans: Poverty means a situation where a person is deprived of the basic necessities of life such as food, shelter, clothing, education, and health.

(b) Unemployment.

Ans: Unemployment means lack of work for people who are willing and able to work at the prevailing wage rate.

(c) Density of population.

Ans: Density of population is the number of people living per square kilometre.

(d) Sex ratio.

Ans: Sex ratio refers to the number of females per 1000 males in a population.

(e) Absolute poverty.

Ans: Absolute poverty refers to a condition where a person fails to meet the minimum basic needs like food, shelter, and clothing.

(f) Relative poverty.

Ans: Relative poverty refers to a condition where a person is poor in comparison to others in the same society.

(g) Sustainable development.

Ans: Sustainable development is development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.

(h) Green economy.

Ans: A green economy is one which aims to remove threats to the environment and achieve sustainable development by balancing economic and ecological concerns.

2. What is the poverty line? What is the poverty line in rural and urban areas?

Ans: The poverty line is the minimum level of income or expenditure required to meet basic necessities.

In 2005-06, the poverty line was:

Rural Areas: Rs. 368

Urban Areas: Rs. 558

3. What is the population of India and Assam according to the 2011 census?

Ans: According to the 2011 Census, the total population of India is 121 crore, and the population of Assam is 3.12 crore.

4. What percentage of the total land area of the world is in India?

Ans: India occupies 2.4% of the total land area of the world.

5. Which state of India has the highest sex ratio and how much is it?

Ans: As per the 2011 Census, the state with the highest sex ratio in India is Kerala, with 1084 females per 1000 males.

6. What is the density of population of Assam?

Ans: The density of population in Assam is 397 persons per square kilometre, which is higher than the national average.

7. What is disguised unemployment?

Ans: Disguised unemployment is a situation where more people are employed than necessary, and the extra workers contribute nothing to the total output.

8. What is inflation?

Ans: Inflation is a continuous rise in the general price level of goods and services in an economy.

9. What are the causes of inflation?

Ans: The two main causes of inflation are:

(i) Demand-pull inflation: This type of inflation occurs when the demand for goods and services increases more than the available supply. It is a situation of “too much money chasing too few goods,” which leads to a general rise in prices.

(ii) Cost-push inflation: This occurs when the cost of production increases, such as wages, raw materials, fuel, etc. The increased production costs are passed on to consumers in the form of higher prices, resulting in inflation.

10. What is known as suppressed inflation?

Ans: Suppressed inflation refers to a situation where the price rise is controlled by the government through price controls and rationing.

11. How many workers are there in an unregulated sector?

Ans: More than 90% of female workers are in the unorganised/unregulated sector.

12. Complete the following:

Worker-population ratio = Total working population x100

Ans: Worker-population ratio = (Total working population / Total population) × 100

13. Which committee put forward the definition of Sustainable Development and in which year did it do so?

Ans: The Brundtland Commission in 1987.

14. What is the motto of environmental thinkers?

Ans: Think globally; act locally.

Give very long answer:

1. Discuss the main causes for the problem of rapid growth of population in India.

Ans: India’s population is growing at a fast rate, creating challenges for resources and development. 

The main causes for this rapid growth include:

(i) High Birth Rate: Despite progress, birth rates remain high due to social customs, early marriages, and lack of family planning.

(ii) Decline in Death Rate: Improved healthcare facilities have reduced the death rate significantly, without a matching decline in birth rate.

(iii) Illiteracy: Lack of education, especially among women, results in less awareness about birth control methods.

(iv) Poverty: Poor families tend to have more children, considering them as earning members in the future.

(v) Religious and Social Factors: In some sections of society, large families are preferred due to cultural or religious beliefs.

(vi) Lack of Awareness: People in rural areas often lack access to reproductive health services and education.

2. What is poverty? Explain how the poverty line determines poverty.

Ans: Poverty is a condition where individuals lack the financial resources to meet basic necessities like food, shelter, education, and healthcare.

The poverty line is a specific income level or consumption threshold determined by the government to identify the poor.

If a person’s income or consumption falls below this level, they are considered poor.

The poverty line is measured in monetary terms, and is different for rural and urban areas.

For example: in India, as per the Tendulkar Committee, people spending less than a specified amount per day are considered below the poverty line (BPL).

3. What is inflation? Discuss the main methods of controlling inflation.

Ans: Inflation is a sustained increase in the general price level of goods and services over a period of time, reducing the purchasing power of money.

Methods to control inflation:

(i) Monetary Measures:

(a) Increase in interest rates to reduce money supply.

(b) Reduction of credit facilities by the RBI.

(c) Open Market Operations to sell government securities and absorb excess money.

(ii) Fiscal Measures:

(a) Reduction in government expenditure.

(b) Increase in taxes to reduce disposable income.

(c) Reduction in fiscal deficit.

(iii) Supply-Side Measures:

(a) Increase in production of essential goods.

(b) Importing essential items to meet shortages.

(c) Removing supply bottlenecks in transport and distribution.

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SEBA Class 9 Social Science Solutions [New Editions Updated]

Sl. No.	CONTENTS
Chapter – 1	Advent of the Europeans into India
Chapter – 2	Growth of Indian Nationalism
Chapter – 3	The Moamoriya Rebellion
Chapter – 4	Burmese Invasion of Assam
Chapter – 5	Beginning of The British Administration in India
Chapter – 6	Change of the Earth’s Surface
Chapter – 7	Atmosphere: Structure, Air Pressure and Wind System
Chapter – 8	Geography of India
Chapter – 9	Geography of Assam
Chapter – 10	Political Parties in India
Chapter – 11	Types or Classification of Government
Chapter – 12	Basic Concepts of Economics
Chapter – 13	Basic Economic Problems