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SEBA Class 8 Social Science Chapter 17 The Revolt of 1857
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The Revolt of 1857
| Exercise |
1. Write Answer:
(a) When did India became colony of East India Company completely?
Ans: By the second half of the 18th century, India was transformed into a British colony under the East India Company.
(b) During which Governor General’s rule official title, status and pension of Indians were seized?
Ans: During the rule of Lord Dalhousie, the official titles, status and pensions of Indians were seized.
(c) Who was the first martyr of sepoy mutiny?
Ans: Mangal Pandey was the first martyr of the Revolt of 1857.
(d) Name the leader who was hanged along with Maniram Dewan.
Ans: Piyali Barua was hanged along with Maniram Dewan.
(e) Who led the peasants’ revolt in Assam?
Ans: The peasants’ revolt in Assam was led by people’s groups.
2. Match the following:
| Group ‘A’ | Group ‘B’ |
| (a) Act of 1856 | attack of Army officers by Mangal Pandey |
| (b) 29 March 1857 | rebellion of Gomdhar Konwar |
| (c) 1858 A.D | Phulagurir Dhewa |
| (d) 1828 A.D | compulsory sea travel |
| (e) 1861 AD. | administrative control of India by Queen Victoria |
Ans:
| Group ‘A’ | Group ‘B’ |
| (a) Act of 1856 | compulsory sea travel |
| (b) 29 March 1857 | attack of Army officers by Mangal Pandey |
| (c) 1858 A.D | administrative control of India by Queen Victoria |
| (d) 1828 A.D | rebellion of Gomdhar Konwar |
| (e) 1861 AD. | Phulagurir Dhewa |
3. Write true or false:
(a) There were many causes like social, economic, political, military, religious, etc. behind the revolt of 1857.
Ans: True.
(b) Immediate cause of sepoy mutiny of 1857 was hanging of Mangal Pandey.
Ans: False.
(c) In the mutiny of 1857, the Mughal Emperor Bahadur Shah II was declared the Emperor of India.
Ans: True.
(d) Maniram Dewan pleaded the British to hand over administration of the Ahom Kingdom to Purandar Singha.
Ans: True.
(e) The peasant rebellion at Rangia, Nalbari and Barama took place against the British policy to enhance rate of tax.
Ans: True.
4. Write short note:
(a) Manirma Dewan.
Ans: Maniram Dewan was the central figure from Assam to take part in the Revolt of 1857. Initially, he supported the British but later turned against them when he became a victim of their discrimination. He resigned from the British job of a Dewan and opened two tea gardens at Cinnam and Seleng near Jorhat. The British did not like this and began to harass him. Wanting to free himself and also the Assamese people, Maniram Dewan tried to make Kandarpeswar Singha the Ahom king again. His appeals to the British failed and he joined the revolt of 1857. He was secretly preparing an armed uprising. Maniram Dewan and Piyali Barua were hanged on 26 February 1858.
(b) Phulgurir Dhewa.
Ans: The first peasant uprising in Assam took place in Phulaguri in 1861 A.D. This uprising is known as Phulagurir Dhewa. It was directed against the unjust economic policy of the British. The British government enhanced the rate of land revenue and also imposed taxes on everyday articles like betel nut and betel leaf. This created widespread resentment among the peasants.
In the month of September 1861, a meeting was held at Phulaguri in the Nowgong district to protest against these taxes. The British officials tried to suppress the peasants’ meeting. As a result, a violent clash took place between the peasants and the British officers. During this clash, a British officer named Lieutenant Singer was killed.
After this incident, the British government adopted severe measures to suppress the uprising. Many peasants were arrested and punished. Though the revolt was suppressed, Phulagurir Dhewa holds an important place in the history of Assam as it was the first organized peasant uprising against British rule.
(c) Immediate cause of sepoy mutiny.
Ans: The immediate cause of the Revolt of 1857 was the use of the bullet of the Enfield rifle. The packet of this bullet had to be bitten off before it could be put in the rifle. A fatty substance was mixed in the bullets. Somehow a rumour spread that this fat was a mixture of cow and pig fat. Since pig and cow’s meat were prohibited for the Muslims and Hindus respectively, the Indian soldiers were unwilling to use these bullets.
5. The canses of sepoy mutiny can be divided into many out of which prepare a note on any one.
Ans: (Economic Cause): When the British arrived in India, they enforced certain economic policies which were completely against the traditional Indian economy. The English imported raw materials from India and sold the finished products in Indian markets. This economic policy brought great misery and destruction to the common man’s life. As a result, many famines occurred in India in the first half of the 19th century. The peasants were also exploited by the middlemen and moneylenders.
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