SEBA Class 10 Geography Chapter 7 Practical Geography

SEBA Class 10 Geography Chapter 7 Practical Geography Solutions English Medium As Per SEBA New Syllabus. SEBA Class 10 Geography Chapter 7 Practical Geography Notes made for SEBA English Medium Students. SEBA Class 10 Geography Chapter 7 Practical Geography Notes. Class 10 Elective Geography Solutions English Medium Download Now PDF. I hope You Can learn Better Knowledge.

SEBA Class 10 Geography Chapter 7 Practical Geography

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Practical Geography

TEXTUAL QUESTION ANSWER

1. What is Scale? It is of how many types and what are they?

Ans: Scale is the ratio between the distance on the map and the actual distance on the ground. It shows how much the real distance has been reduced while drawing a map.

Scales are mainly of three types:

(i) Statement Scale: In this scale, the relation between map distance and ground distance is expressed in words.

Example: 1 cm = 1 km or 2 inch = 5 miles.

(ii) Representative Fraction (R.F.): It is the ratio of a distance on the map to the corresponding distance on the ground in the same unit.

Example: 1 : 50,000 (means 1 cm on the map = 50,000 cm on the ground).

(iii) Graphical Scale (or Linear Scale): It is a straight line divided into equal parts and sub-parts, drawn on the map itself, which shows the relation between map distance and ground distance.

2. Explain with examples the significance of scale in map making.

Ans: Scale is the most important element of a map. Without scale, a map is only a sketch. The scale helps us to measure the real distance between two places on the earth from the distance shown on the map. For example, if the scale of a map is 1 cm = 1 km, then 5 cm on the map will represent 5 km on the ground. Thus, scale makes a map scientific, accurate and useful.

3. What is Scale in Statement? Discuss with examples.

Ans: When the scale is expressed in words, it is called statement scale. It shows the relationship between map distance and ground distance in a simple statement form. For example, the scale “1 cm to 1 km” means that 1 cm on the map represents 1 km on the ground. Similarly, “1 inch to 1 mile” means 1 inch on the map represents 1 mile on the ground.

4. What do you mean by Representative Fraction? Mention its characteristics.

Ans: Representative Fraction (R.F.) is the ratio between the distance on the map and the corresponding distance on the ground, expressed in the same units. For example, 1:50,000 means 1 unit on the map represents 50,000 units on the ground.

Characteristics of Representative Fraction:

(i) It is expressed as a ratio or fraction.

(ii) It is independent of units of measurement.

(iii) It is universally accepted and can be easily understood.

(iv) It is generally used in all types of maps.

5. Write the characteristics and utilities of a graphical scale.

Ans: A scale is an essential element of a map which shows the relationship between the distance on the map and the actual distance on the ground. Among different types of scales, the graphical scale (also called the linear scale or line scale) is the most commonly used. It is drawn on the map itself in the form of a straight line, divided into equal parts, which represents the actual ground distance.

Characteristics of Graphical Scale:

(i) A graphical scale is drawn on the map in the form of a straight line divided into equal parts.

(ii) It represents the ratio between map distance and ground distance.

(iii) It remains valid and true even if the map is enlarged or reduced, as both the map and the scale shrink or expand in the same ratio.

(iv) It is simple, clear, and easy to use for practical purposes.

(v) It provides more accurate measurement of distance than the statement scale or representative fraction.

Utilities of Graphical Scale:

(i) It helps to measure the actual ground distance directly from the map.

(ii) It saves time as no calculation is required to convert map distance into real distance.

(iii) It remains correct even when the map is reduced, enlarged, or photocopied.

(iv) It is very convenient for geographers, students, teachers, and surveyors in the study and analysis of maps.

(v) It is especially useful in fieldwork and practical geography for obtaining correct geographical knowledge quickly.

6. The scale in Representative Fraction of a map is 1:250,000. Convert this into a statement scale.

Ans: R.F. = 1 : 250,000

It means –

1 unit on the map = 250,000 units on the ground.

If we take the unit in centimetres, then -]

1 cm on the map = 250,000 cm on the ground.

Now, convert centimetres into kilometres:

250,000 cm = 250,000/ 100, 000 = 2.5 km.

Therefore, the Statement Scale is:

1 cm = 2.5 km

7. The scale in the statement of a map is 2cm = 35km, convert this into R.F.

Ans: Given:

2 cm on the map = 35 km on the ground

Now,

1 km = 100,000 cm

So,

35 km = 35 × 100,000 = 3,500,000 cm

Therefore,

2 cm on the map = 3,500,000 cm on the ground

Hence, 1 cm  = 3,500,000/2 = 1,750,000 cm.

Therefore, the R.F. = 1 : 1,750,000

8. Construct a Graphical Scale for R.F. 1:500,000 so as to measure a distance of at least 1km.

Ans: Given:

R.F. = 1 : 500,000

That means 1 cm on the map = 500,000 cm on the ground.

Now,

1 km = 100,000 cm

Therefore,

500,000 cm = 500,000/100, 000} = 5 km.

Hence:

1 cm on the map represents 5 km on the ground.

To measure a distance of at least 1 km, we will draw a scale long enough to cover 20 km on the ground.

Thus, the Graphical (Linear) Scale for R.F. 1 : 500,000 will represent a distance of at least 1 km on the ground.

Diagram (Description):

A straight line divided as –

R.F. 1 : 500,000 = 1 cm represents 5 km

Graphical scale constructed to measure at least 1 km.

9. Construct a Graphical Scale by using the statement scale of 2 inch 5 miles, so as to measure a distance up to a minimum of 1 mile.

Ans: Given: Statement scale = 2 inches = 5 miles

1 inch = 2.5 miles

To measure at least 1 mile, let the scale show 10 miles on the ground.

If 1 inch = 2.5 miles, then 10 miles = 4 inches.

Draw a line 4 inches long and divide it into 4 equal parts, each representing 2.5 miles.

Sub-divide the first division on the left into 5 equal parts, each representing 0.5 mile.

Mark 0 at the first division from the left, then 1, 2, 3, 4 miles towards the left and 2.5, 5, 7.5, 10 miles towards the right.

Diagram (Representation):

Result:

Graphical scale constructed from 2 inches = 5 miles can measure distances accurately up to 1 mile.

2 inches = 5 miles → 1 inch = 2.5 miles → Scale length = 4 inches → Can measure up to 1 mile.

10. Write short notes:

(a) Graph.

Ans: Graph is a diagrammatic representation of statistical data. It shows relationship between two variables in a simple and comparative form.

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