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Class 9 English Beehive Chapter 6 My Childhood
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My Childhood
PROSE SECTION
TEXTUAL QUESTIONS & ANSWERS (অনুশীলনীর প্রশ্নোত্তর)
THINKING ABOUT THE TEXT: (গ্রন্থের মূল পাঠ সম্বন্ধে ভাবো)
Activity:
Find Dhanuskodi and Rameswaram on the map. What language(s) do you think are spoken there ? What languages do you think the author, his family, his friends and his teachers spoke with one another? – মানচিত্রে ধনুষকোঠী এবং রামেশ্বর চিহ্নিত করো। সেখানে কোন্ ভাষায় কথা বলে তুমি মনে করো? কোন্ ভাষায় তুমি মনে করো লেখক, তাঁর শিক্ষকরা কথা বলে?
Ans. For self – attempt.
People speak Tamil here.
Q.I. Answer these questions in one or two sentences each. – একটি বা দুটি বাক্যে প্রশ্নগুলির উত্তর দাও:
1. Where was Abdul Kalam’s house? – আবদুল কালামের বাড়ি কোথায় ছিল?
Ans. Abdul Kalam’s house was on the Mosque Street in Rameswaram.
2. What do you think Dinamani is the name of? Gire a reason for your answer. – ‘দিনমণি’ কীসের নাম বলে তুমি মনে করো? তোমার উত্তরের কারণ দেখাও।
Ans. Dinamani is the name of a newspaper. Abdul Kalam attempts to trace the second world war’s newS in the headlines in this newspaper.
3. Who were Abdul Kalam’s school friends? What did they later become? – কারা আবদুল কালামের বিদ্যালয়ের বন্ধু ছিলেন? তাঁরা পরে কী হয়েছিলেন?
Ans. Ramanadha Sastry, Aravindan and Sivaprakasan were his school friends. Ramanadha Sastry became the priest of the Rameswaram temple. Aravindan went into the business of arranging transport for visiting pilgrims. Sivaprakasan became a catering contractor for the Southern Railways.
4. How did Abdul Kalam earn his first wages? – আবদুল কালাম তাঁর প্রথম রোজগার কীভাবে করেছিলেন?
Ans. Abdul Kalam earned his first wages by distributing news papers.
5. Had he earned any money before that? In what way? – তিনি কি এর আগে কোনো টাকা রোজগার করেছেন? কী উপায়ে?
Ans. Yes, he earned money before that also. He used to collect the tamarind seeds and sell there to a provision shop on Mosque street. A day’s collection would fetch him the princely sum of one anna.
Q. II. Answer each of these questions in a short paragraph (about 30 words) – প্রায় ৩০টি শব্দে ছোট অনুচ্ছেদে প্রশ্নগুলির উত্তর দাও:
1. How does the author describe: ) (i) his father, (ii) his mother, (iii) himself? – লেখক কেমন করে বর্ণনা করেছেন : (i) তাঁর বাবা, (ii) তাঁর মা, (iii) নিজেকে?
Ans. (i) The author describes his father as a wise and generous person. He feels happy when he helps others. He did not have much formal education and riches. He was a man of confidence and great wisdom. He avoided inessential comforts and luxuries.
(ii) His mother was a noble and kind hearted woman. She used to feed a large number of people. She had all the attributes of a typical Indian mother.
(iii) He was one of many children. He was a short boy with rather undistinguished looks, born to tall and handsome parents. He was born into a middle – class Tamil family.
2. What characteristics does he say he inherited from his parents? – কোন্ গুণাবলি তিনি বংশানুক্রমে তাঁর বাবা – মার কাছে পেয়েছিলেন বলে তিনি বলেছেন?
Ans. The author inherited humility and benevolence from his parents. He learnt lessons in honesty and integrity from his parents. He was self-disciplined because of his parent’s exemplary life.
Q.III. Discuss these questions in class with your teacher and then write down your answers in two or three paragraphs each. – প্রশ্নগুলি ক্লাসের শিক্ষকদের সঙ্গে আলোচনা করো এবং তারপর দুটি অথবা তিনটি অনুচ্ছেদে উত্তর দাও।
1. “On the whole, the small society of Rameswaram was very rigid in terms of the segregation of different social groups,” says the author.
(i) Which social groups does he mention? Were these groups easily identifiable (for example, by the way they dressed)?
Ans. The author talks about the people who belong to various castes and follow various religious preachings. Yes, these groups were easily identifiable. Their dressing, traditions, culture and rituals were different.
(ii) Were they aware only of their differences or did they also naturally share friendships and experiences? (Think of the bedtime stories in Kalam’s house; of who his friends were, and of what used to take place in the pond near his house.)
Ans. They did share their personal experiences and friendships. Lakshmana Sastry summoned the teacher who separated the author and his friend and told him that he should not spread the poison of social inequality and communal intolerance in the minds of innocent children.
(iii) The author speaks both of people who were very aware of the differences among them and those who tried to bridge these differences. Can you identify such people in the text?
Ans. The school teacher encouraged communal differences And Lakshmana Sastry and Sivasubramania iyer discouraged this malpractice.
(iv) Narrate two incidents that show how differences can be created, and also how they can be resolved. How can people change their attitudes?
Ans. The influential people can do both the things. A teacher has the ability to bridge communal differences and can play with sentiments of the innocent and ignorant people. This is what the new teacher did. But the Science teacher Sivasubramania Iyer changed his wife’ s attitude and showed her the right path.
2. (i) Why did Abdul Kalam want to leave Rameswaram?
Ans. Abdul Kalam wanted to leave Rameswaram to study at the district headquarters in Ramanathapuram.
(ii) What did his father say to this?
Ans. His father said that he knew he had to go away to grow. He gives the example of a seagull and says that a seagull flies across the sun alone and without a nest.
(iii) Why do you think his words mean? Why do you think he spoke those words?
Ans. He spoke these words because he intended to hone his children’s skills. He knew the harsh reality of life that children leave of their parents. So he showed his wisdom and intelligence in uttering these words.
THINKING ABOUT LANGUAGE
Q.I. Find the sentences in the text where these words occur: – গল্পটিতে বাক্যগুলি বার করো যেখানে এই শব্দগুলি দৃষ্ট হয়েছে:
| Erupt surge trace undistinguished casualty |
Ans. The sentences in the text where these words occur are the following:
1. …a sudden demand for tamarind seeds erupted in the market.
2. … 1 can still feel the surge of pride in earning my own money for the first time.
3. … I would later attempt to trace in the deadlines in Dinamani.
4. …a Short boy with rather undistinguished looks, born to tall and handsome parents.
5. … The first casualty came in the form of the suspension of the train half at Rameswaram Station.
Look these words up in a dictionary which gives examples of how they are used. Now answer the following questions.
1. What are the things that can erupt? Use examples to explain the various meanings of erupt. Now do the same for the word surge. What things can surge?
Ans. 1. An earthquake can erupt. Emotions can erupt. Anger can erupt.
Example: An earthquake erupted in Sicily last night. Surge means a sudden powerful forward or upward movement. A wave surges. A crowd surges. A storm surges.
Example: Birds search for fish when waves surge towards the shore.
2. What are the meanings of the word trace and which of the meanings is closest to the word in the text?
Ans. Trace’ means to find out, to copy, to draw an outline, etc Finding out is the closest meaning to ‘trace’ in the text.
3. Can you find the word undistinguished in your dictionary? (If not, look up the word distinguished and say what undistinguished must mean.)
Ans. I can’t find the word ‘undistinguished’ in my dictionary because it is not the root word. It is there under the word ‘distinguished because ‘undistinguished’ is negative to distinguished. It means : not specific, not prominent, not distinct, etc.
Q.II.1. Match the phrases in Column A with their meanings in Column B. – স্তম্ভ A – এর বাগবৈশিষ্ট্যের সঙ্গে স্তম্ভ B – তে তাদের অর্থগুলো মেলাও।
| A | B |
| (i) broke out | (a) an attitude of kindness, a readiness to give freely. |
| (ii) in accordance with | (b) was not able to tolerate. |
| (iii) a helping hand | (c) began suddenly in a violent way. |
| (iv) could not stomach | (d) assistance. |
| (v) generosity of spirit | (e) persons with power to make decisions. |
| (vi) figures of authority | (f) according to a particular fule, principle, or system. |
Ans.
| A | B |
| (i) broke out | (c) began suddenly in a Violent way. |
| (ii) in accordance with | (f) according to a particular fule, principle, or system. |
| (iii) a helping hand | (d) assistance. |
| (iv) could not stomach | (b) was not able to tolerate. |
| (v) generosity of spirit | (a) an attitude of kindness, a readiness to give freely. |
| (vi) figures of authority | (e) persons with power to make decisions. |
2. Study the words in italics in the sentences below. They are formed by prefixing un- or in-to their antonyms (words opposite in meaning).
• I was a short boy with rather undistinguished looks. (un + distinguished)
• My austere father used to avoid all inessential comforts. (in + essential)
• The area was completely unaffected by the war. (un + affected)
• He should not spread the poison of social inequality and communal intolerance. (in+ equality, in + tolerance)
Now form the opposites of the words below by prefixing un-or in-. The prefix in- can also have the forms il-, ir, or im-
(For example : illiterate-il+ literate, impractical-im + practical, irrational-ir + rational) You may consult a dictionary if you wish.
Ans.
Q. III. PASSIVE VOICE – এখানে Text বই থেকে 76-77 পাতার অংশটি দেখতে হবে।
Q. IV. Rewrite the sentences below, changing the verbs in brackets into the passive form. – বন্ধনীর মধ্যে বাক্যগুলির কর্মবাচ্যমূলক ক্রিয়াতে পরিবর্তন করে পুনরায় লেখো ।
1. In yesterday’s competition the prizes give away) by the Principal.
Ans. In yesterday’s competition the prizes were given away by the Principal.
2. In spite of financial difficulties, the labourers (pay) on time.
Ans. In spite of financial difficulties, the labourers were paid on time.
3. On Republic Day, vehicles (not allow) beyond this point.
Ans. On Republic Day, vehicles were not allowed beyond this point.
4. Second-hand books (buy and sell) on the pavement every Saturday.
Ans. Second-hand books are bought and sold on the pavement every Saturday.
5. Elections to the Lok Sabha (hold) every five years.
Ans. Elections to the Lok Sabha are held every five years.
6. Our National Anthem (compose) Rabindranath Tagore.
Ans. Our National Anthem has been composed by Rabindranath Tagore.
Q.V. Rewrite the paragraphs below, using the correct form of the verb given in brackets. – বন্ধনীর মধ্যে ক্রিয়াপদগুলির সঠিক বিন্যাস দিয়ে অনুচ্ছেদগুলি পুনরায় লেখো।
1. How Helmets Came To Be Used in Cricket:
Nari Contractor was the Captain and an opening batsman for India in the 1960s. The Indian cricket team went on a tour to the West Indies in 1962. In a match against Barbados in Bridgetown, Nari Contractor (seriously injure and collapse). In those days helmets (not wear). Contractor (hit) on the head by a bouncer from Charlie Griffith. Contractor’s skull (fracture). The entire team (deeply concern). The West Indies players (worry). Contractor (rush) to hospital. He (accompany) by Frank Worrell, the Captain of the West Indies Team. Blood (donate) by the West Indies players. Thanks to the timely help, Contractor (save). Nowadays helmets (routinely use) against fast bowlers.
Ans. Nari Contractor was the Captain and an opening batsman for India in the 1960s. The Indian cricket team went on a tour to the West Indies in 1962. In a match against Barbados in Bridgetown Nari Contractor was seriously injured and collapsed. In those days helmets were not worn. Contractor was hit on the head by a bouncer from Charlie Griffith. Contractor’s skull had been fractured. The entire team was deeply concerned. The West Indies players were worried. Contractor was rushed to hospital. He was accompanied by Frank Worrell, the Captain of the West Indies Team. Blood was donated by the West Indies players. Thanks to the timely help. Contractor was saved. Nowadays helmets are routinely used against fast bowlers.
2. Oil From Seeds:
Vegetable oils (make) from seeds and fruits or many plants growing all over the world, from tiny sesame seeds to big. juicy Coconuts. Oil (produce) from cotton seeds, groundnuts, soya beans and sunflower seeds. Olive oil (use) for cooking, salad dressing, etc. Olives (shake) from the trees and (gather) up, usually by hand. The olives (ground) to a thick paste which is spread into special mats. Then the mats (layer) up on the Pressing machine which will gently squeeze them to produce olive oil.
Ans. Vegetable oils are made from seeds and fruits of many plants growing all over the world from tiny sesame seeds to big, juicy coconuts. Oil is produced from cotton seeds, groundnuts, soya beans and sunflower seeds. Olive oil is used for cooking, salad dressing, etc. Olives are shaken from the trees and gathered up, usually by hand. The olives are grounded to a thick paste which is spread onto special mats. Then the mats are layered up on the pressing machine which will gently squeeze them to produce olive oil.
DICTATION:
Let the class divide itself into three groups. Let each group take down one passage that the teacher dictates. Then put the passages together in the right order.
To Sir, with Love
1. From Rameswaram to the Rashtrapati Bhavan, it’s been a long journey. Talking to Nona Walia on the eve of Teacher’s Day, President Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam talks about life’s toughest lessons learnt and his mission-being a teacher to the Indian Youth. “A proper education would help nurture a sense of dignity and self-respect among our youth”, says President Kalam. There’s still a child in him though, and he’s still curious about learning new things. Life’s a mission for President Kalam.
2. Nonetheless, he remembers his first lesson in life and how it changed his destiny. “I was studying in Standard V, and must have been aii of 10. My teacher, Sri Sivasubramania iyer was telling us how birds fly. He drew a diagram of a bird on the blackboard, depicting the wings, tail and the body with the head and then explained how birds soar to the sky. At the end of the class. I said I didn’t understand. Then he asked the other students if they had understood, but nobody had understood how birds fly, he recalls.
3. That evening, the entire class was taken to Rameswaram shore the President continues. “My teacher showed us sea birds. We saw marvellous formations of them flying and how their wings flapped. Then my teacher asked us, Where is the birds’ engine and how is it powered?” I knew then that birds are powered by their own life and motivation. I understood all about birds dynamics. This was real teaching-a theoretical lesson Coupled with a live practical example. Sri Sivasubramania iyer was a great teacher.”
That day, my future was decided. My destiny was changed. I knew my future had to be about flight and flight systems.
Ans. For attempt at class level. Paragraphs are put together as given below:
To Sir, With Love
From Rameswaram to the Rashtrapati Bhavan. It has been a long journey. Talking to Nona Walia on the eve of Teacher’s Day, President Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam talks about life’s toughest lessons learnt, and his mission-being a teacher to the Indian Youth. “A proper education would help nurture a sense of dignity and self-respect among our youth”, says President Kalam. There’s still a child in him though, he’s still curious about learning new things. Life’s a mission for President Kalam.
Nonetheless, he remembers his first lesson in life and how it changed his destiny. “I was studying in standard V, and must have been all of 10. My teacher, Sri Sivasubramania iyer was telling us how birds fly. He drew a diagram of a bird on the blackboard, depicting the wings, tail and the body with the head and then explained how Birds soar to the sky. At the end of the class, I said I did not understand. Then he asked the other students if they had understood, but nobody had understood how birds fly”, he recalls.
“That evening, the entire class was taken to Rameswaram shore”, the President continues. “My teacher showed us sea birds. We saw marvellous formations of them flying and how their wings flapped. Then my teacher asked us, “Where is the bird’s engine and how is it powered ?'” I knew then that birds are powered by their own life and motivation. I understood all about birds dynamics. This was real teaching-a theoretical lesson coupled with a live practical example. Sri Sivasubramania iyer was a great teacher. That day, my future was decided. My destiny was changed. I knew my future had to be about flight and flight systems.
Life is actually a mission for President Kalam. It has been a long trek from Rameswaram to Rashtrapati Bhavan. There’s still a child in him though, and he is still curious about learning new things.
SPEAKING:
Here is a topic for you to
1. think about;
2. give your opinion on.
Find out what other people think about it. Ask your friends/ seniors/parents to give you their opinion.
‘Career Building Is the Only Goal of Education. or, Getting a G0od Job Is More Important than Being a Good Human Being. You can use the following phrases.
(i) While giving your opinion:
• I think that …
• In my opinion…
• It seems to me that …
• I am of the view that …
• As far as I know …
• lf you ask me…
(ii) Saying what other people think:
• According to some …
• Quite a few think …
• Some others favour …
• Thirty per cent of the people disagree…
• Fifty per cent of them strongly feel …
(iii) asking for other’s opinions:
• What do you think about…
• What do you think of…
• What is your opinion about…
• Do you agree…
• Does this make you believe…
Career Building is the Only Goal of Education
The eminent educationists aver that education does not make a Child a bookworm. It sharpens the pupils’ intellect and inspire them to build their career by getting themselves enrolled in Professional courses. In my opinion, the fundamental goal of education is to help a learner in opting for a perfect stream and assist him in earning his livelihood.
WRITING:
Think and write a short account of what life in Rameswaram in the 1940s must have been like. (Were people rich or poor? Hard working or lazy? Hopeful of change, or resistant to it?).
The people in Rameswaram in 1940s were orthodox and tolerant, lt is mentioned in he story that every child is born into a specific socio economic and emotional environment and Trained in certain ways by figures of authority, The people of Rameswaram were not ready to allow anybody to instigate their children on he basis of communal intolerance, They were all religious people nd did ot like t enjoy the luxuries of life. They had pucca houses made of limestone and brick. They used to avoid all inessential comforts and were emotionally attached to the number of their family.
ADDITIONAL QUESTIONS & ANSWERS (অতিরিক্ত প্রশ্নোত্তর)
I. SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS – সংক্ষিপ্ত প্রশ্নোত্তর:
Q.1. How does the author describe his father and his mother? – লেখক তাঁর বাবা-মা’র কেমন বর্ণনা দিয়েছেন?
Ans. The author describes his father as a Wise and generous person. He feels happy when he helps others. He didn’t have much formal education and riches. He was a man of confidence. He avoided inessential comforts and luxuries.
The author’ s mother was a noble and kind-hearted woman. she used to feed a large number of people. She had all the qualities of a typical Indian mother.
Q.2. How did Kalam earn his first wages? – কালাম তাঁর প্রথম রোজগার কীভাবে করেছিলেন?
Ans. With the outbreak of the Second World War, the train halt at Rameswaram station was suspended. The newspapers had now to be bundled and thrown out from the moving train on the Rameswaram Road between Rameswaram and Dhanuskodi. Kalum’s cousin, Shamsuddin, who distributed newspapers needed a helping hand to catch the bundles. He did the job. In this way, Shamsuddin helped him earn his first wages.
Q.3. What characteristics did Kalam inherit from his parents? – তাঁর পিতামাতার কাছ থেকে কালাম বংশানুক্রমে কী গুণাবলি পেয়েছিলেন?
Ans. Kalam inherited honesty and self-discipline from his father. From his mother, he inherited faith in goodness and deep kindness. Kalam had three Hindu friends. But none of them felt any difference amongst themselves because of their religious differences and upbringing.
4. Who was Siva Subramania lyer? What did he say to Abdul?- শিবসুক্ষমনিয় আয়ার কে ছিলেন? তিনি আবদুলকে কী বলেছিলেন?
Ans. Siva Subramania lyer was Kalam’s science teacher. He invited him to have food at his house though his wife was an Orthodox Brahmin. His teacher sat beside him to eat his meal. When Kalam was leaving, his teacher invited, him to join him for dinner again. He observed Kalam’s hesitation but told him that such problems had to be faced once when we decide to change the system.
Q.5. Why did Lakshmana Sastry summon the teacher? – লক্ষণ শাস্ত্রী কেন শিক্ষককে ডেকে পাঠিয়েছিলেন?
Ans. Lakshmana Sastry. summoned the teacher because he wanted to spread the poison of social inequality and communal intolerance in the minds of the innocent children. He asked the teacher to feel sorry or quit the school and the island.
Q.6. What happened when Abdul was in fifth standard? – আবদুল যখন ৫ম শ্রেণিতে পড়ে তখন কী ঘটেছিল?
Ans. When Abdul was in the fifth standard a new teacher asked him to sit on the back bench due to his caste. The teacher could not stomach a Hindu priest’s son sitting with a Muslim boy.
Q.7. “Once you decide to change the system, such problems have to be confronted”. Who spoke these sentences and to whom? – “যখন তুমি কোনো পদ্বতি বদল করতে চাও, কিছু সমস্যার সামনে তোমাকে পড়তে হবে।” এ কথাগুলি কে কাকে বলেছেন?
Ans. The science teacher uttered these words. He Was talking to Abdul Kalam. He invited Kalam for dinner. Observing Kalam’ s hesitation, he told him not to get upset and spoke these words.
Q.8. What happened when the narrator visited his science teacher’ s house the., second time? – কখন যখন দ্বিতীয়বার তাঁর বিজ্ঞান শিক্ষকের বাড়ি গিয়েছিলেন তখন কী ঘটেছিল?
Ans. When the narrator visited his house the next time, Sivasububramania lyer’s wife took him inside her kitchen and served him food with her own hands.
Q.9. What did Kalam learn from his parents? – কালাম তাঁর পিতামাতার কাছ থেকে কী থেকে কী শিক্ষা পেয়েছিলেন?
Ans. Kalam learnt honesty and self-discipline from his father and faith in goodness and deep kindness from his mother
II. LONG ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS
Q.1. Describe the incident of the new teacher at Rameswaram Elementary School. – রামেশ্বরম প্রাথমিক বিদ্যালয়ে নতুন শিক্ষকের ঘটনা বর্ণনা করো।
Ans. One day when he was in the fifth standard at the Rameswaram Elementary School, a new teacher came to his class. He could not endure a Hindu priest’s son sitting with á Muslim boy. In accordance with the social ranking, the author was asked to sit on the back bench. He felt very sad and so did Ramanadha Sastry. They both communicated this thing to their parents. Lakshmana Sastry summoned the teacher and told him that he should not spread communalism and the feelings of inequality. He bluntly asked the teacher to either apologise or quit the school and the island. The teacher regretted his Behaviour and changed his attitude also.
2. Explain the narrator’s experiences at the science teacher’s house. – বিজ্ঞান শিক্ষকের বাড়িতে কথকের অভিজ্ঞতা বর্ণনা করো।
Ans. The narrator’s science teacher invited him to his home for a meal. His wife was horrified at the idea of a Muslim boy being invited to dine in her ritually pure kitchen. She refused to serve him in her kitchen. lyer was not perturbed, nor did he get angry with his wife. But instead served him with his own hands and sat down beside him to eat his meal. When he visited his house the next week he found that the teacher’s wife had changed. She took him inside her kitchen and served him food with her own hands.
Q.3. Why did the narrator’s father say, “They are the sons and daughters of Life’s longing for itself. – কথকের বাবা কেন বলেছিলেন, “তারা নিজের জন্য পুত্র ও কন্যা।”
Ans. Abdul Kalam asked his father for permission to leave Rameswaram and study at the district headquarters in Ramanathapuram. His father did not get upset. He said that he knew Kalam was to go away to grow. He was a wise man and was aware of the harsh reality of life. He knew a seagull crosses the sun alone and without a nest. He was well acquainted With the fact that life was not easy to live. One would have make tremendous efforts to face the music of life. The sons and daughters live their own lives as it is the dire need of time.
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